Munshi Premchand Biography | Hindi Literary Writer Munshi Premchand Short Biography

Munshi Premchand Biography: Munshi Premchand was a Hindi poet. A short biography of famous storyteller and novelist Munshi Premchand. The biography of Hindi lyricist Munshi Premchand is discussed below.

Who was Munshi Premchand?

Munshi Premchand holds the greatest position as a storyteller and novelist in Hindi literature till date. His language is very simple and simple but his writing is strong. As a poet Premchand in his novels and stories has fearlessly exposed all the injustices of the society – tyranny, lawlessness, corruption, hypocrisy, superstition, manipulation of the rich and wealthy, immorality, dishonesty and their exploitation of the weaker and poorer sections of the society in very clear and vivid language. Mukhesh has exposed the fraudsters and hypocrites.

Hindi Literary Munshi Premchand Brief Biography

Munshi Premchand’s Birthday

Munshi Premchand was born in a very simple family on 31 July 1880. Father was a postal worker. He got a small salary. Mother was sick. He could never be easy with his father.

Childhood of Munshi Premchand

Munshi Premchand’s childhood was spent in happiness and sadness. Mother died when he was eight years old. As soon as the mother’s marriage ended, the father remarried. Child Premchand’s relationship with his stepmother was not smooth. His childhood name was Dhanpat. Nickname Nawab. The name Premchand was later adopted during literary creation.

Educational career of Munshi Premchand

At the age of seven, Premchand was admitted to a Maulbir’s school. After teaching for a while, he would release the students. The relationship between the student and Maulvi was a relationship of earning money. Premchand used to run away from school. After some days, the father admitted Premchand to school. When he was fifteen years old, his father gave his son in marriage. Within a few days, father fell ill. Wife, Satya and two half brothers at home. There was no revenue. Father could not be cured. He died. All the major responsibilities of the world fell on him. Due to the death of his father, he could not sit for the examination that year. He passed in the second division the next year. He could not get admission in any college due to financial problems and failing the mathematics test. He got a job teaching his son in a lawyer’s house. Five rupees in mine. He used to keep two rupees and send three rupees home. He could not eat for half the day. He used to suffer even in winter.

Later he met the headmaster of a small school. He gave him a job as a teacher in his school with a salary of eighteen rupees. The school was at Chunave, forty miles from Varanasi. This quiet, innocent man had courage and brilliance. Later, with the help of Mr. Bacon, Principal of Queen’s College, he got a teaching position in a government school.

Personality of Munshi Premchand:

Premchand’s knowledge was angry and bad-tempered. Father used to stay out most of the time to avoid him. After Didi’s marriage, Premchand became lonely. The only joy in his life was his father’s replacement life. He expressed the experience of this journey of Kaisha’s life in various works.

Father used to work all day. And Pramchand used to walk around like himself. Premchand was addicted to reading books. He used to read the novels which were published in Urdu language as soon as he got them.

Literary life of Premchand:

Premchand’s literary life started from the age of Kisha. At the age of twenty he wrote a short novel in Urdu — Asrar e Mabid (Secrets of the Temple). The novel was unfinished. It was published in a small newspaper.

Soon, instead of ‘imagination and romance’, creative literature began to emerge in his writings. People’s real life happiness-sadness-hope-aspirations are revealed in every rhythm in his writings. His life’s childhood, adolescence, youth were hard struggles. He has witnessed the difficult form of life in extreme poverty and lack. He was more attracted to the people of the lower strata than the people of the upper strata of the society. The reality that can be seen in his work is not seen in any other work in Indian literature.

He can be compared with Maxim Gerki in world literature.

Munshi Premchand’s novel:

In 1907, he wrote a novel about the life story of a young widow – ‘Prema’. Apart from short stories, he wrote two novels. Bankimchandra’s Anand Math Followed by Jachba – Ee – Isha (Blessings). The other ‘Bazaar Ee – Hussan’ was a vivid picture of how prostitution corrupts the society.

Some of Munshi Premchand’s memorable novels are — Gaedan, Kayakalpa, Nirmala, Pratijna, Sebasdan, Prem-ashram, Rangabhumi, Karmabhumi and Manasarovar. Manasarovar is a massive novel. A total of eight volumes were published.

Short stories of Munshi Premchand:

Munshi Premchand’s short story collection ‘Maj-ee-o tan'(Matribhumi talk) is famous. All his expressions against the tyranny and injustice of the English government are embodied in this work. One of its famous stories is ‘Amulya Ratna’.

As soon as this book was published, the English government noticed his book. His book was banned. He was not in good health. He continued to concentrate deeply on the work of writing literature. He taught in school all day. After returning home in the afternoon, he sat down to write after a little rest in the evening. He did not deviate from his duty to the family. There was discipline in all work.

Marrige Life of Munshi Premchand

In 1906, he married a child widow named Shibrani. The first marriage was not a happy one in his life. Literature was not a luxury for him, it was a tool of his struggle. The pen was his weapon. He had deep confidence in himself. As a member of the society, Premchand did not isolate himself from the society. He wrote some notable articles on the political, social crisis and movement of that time.

Munshi Premchand’s Magazines:

After leaving school, he got a job as an editor in a newspaper. There was no one special to help him. The workload was so high that there was no physical strength to write. Forced to leave the job. He had a small publishing house in Varanasi. First Hangsa later published two magazines called Jagaran, he felt the lack of money.

In spite of all these problems, the writer Premchand did not lose himself. At night, forgetting all the daily problems, a writer would wake up in him. He used to write all night long. Apart from writing, Premchand edited the national periodicals Diggham and Jagran. Besides, he also brought out a periodical named ‘Hans’.

Premchand could not be influenced by fame and fortune. He never wanted to promote himself as famous. Simplicity was a great quality of his character. For this reason, he has received respect from people not only as a writer, but also as a person.

With the publication of Karma Bhoomi, he became the most famous writer in Hindi literature. At first he wrote in Urdu, but later he used Hindi as the medium of literary pursuits. Irta was the oppressed man of the larger society. His deep love for the common man made him a realist. Communist ideals have been revealed in his thoughts. He later became associated with the Progressive Writer Shilpi Sangh and held its first session at Lakshmi.

Munshi Premchand’s Famous Short Stories:

Munshi Premchand has crossed the barrier of smallness of Hindi short stories and reached the arena of world literature. His famous short stories are Nimak Daroga, The Price of Milk, Pisanhari Kuya, Sataranj Ki Khiladi, Kafan, Sadgati.

In the Shroud story, a proletarian old man’s jihad against the prevailing social order breaks out. Kafan is one of the best stories not only in Hindi literature but also in world literature.

A year’s work life of Munshi Premchand

One time Mehon Bhavgani from the Bombay film world got a job to write the screenplay. He was forced to take a job due to the need for money. That too for only one year. Even though he went to Bombay and got respect and money, he did not like the environment there. The artificial pomp there distressed him. Bomber’s film industry promoters wanted to keep him for one more year. But he ignored it and left Bombay on April 4, 1935. He returned to his village.

This time he gave his hand to his Gaedan novel. This is one of his best works. The novel ended in 1936.

Munshi Premchand’s death

Mangal Sutra started writing an autobiographical novel. Premchand could not finish this novel. He had to die before that. Munshi Premchand died on October 8, 1936 at the age of 56.

He was pained by the pride and pride of many people he knew. He saw the spread of human greed. Therefore, at the end of life, there was a transition to a new consciousness.

Munshi Premchand Related Queries (FAQs):