The Generation of Computers is History

Introduction to Computer Hardware Generation:

For ages, scientists have always tried to improve the computer by using new parts, the goal was how to make a small computer with high speed and high storage capacity at low cost. In this way, when a new quality computer appears, it is assumed that a new generation has begun. Each subsequent computer gets better and more powerful than the previous generation.What we know as the generational history of computers.

From the birth of the computer to the present day, the development of various components, the use of components, the improvement of those components to provide new features to create better components – thus the modern computers that continue to exist today have been created. From the origin of the computer to the present time, the development of the computer or the evolution of the computer has been divided into several generations. Respectively-

• First Generation
• Second Generation
• Third Generation
• Fourth Generation
• Fifth Generation

First Generation:

• Duration – 1945 to 1956.
• Used parts – Vacuum Tube.
• Advantage –
  • The structure of this generation of computers was simple in nature.
  • Data can be stored in these computers.
  • The structure is simple.
• Disadvantage-
  • Computers of this generation were very large in size and therefore not portable.
  • This generation had less confidence in the output of computers.
  • Air conditioning was required as excessive heat was generated.
  • Computers of this generation were much slower.

Second Generation:

• Duration – 1957 to 1964.
• Used parts – Transistor.
• Advantage –
  • This generation of computers were smaller in size than the first generation.
  • The results of this generation of computers could be trusted.
  • Generates less heat and can work faster.
  • Second generation computers used less power than the first generation.
  • Was portable.
• Disadvantage-
  • This generation of computers was more complex in structure than the first generation.
  • Although less heat was generated, air conditioning was required and maintenance was required.

Third Generation:

• Duration – 1965 to 1974.
• Used parts – Integrated Circuit (IC).
• Advantage –
  • Compared to previous generations, this generation of computers was smaller in size.
  • Third generation computers provided reliable results.
  • It was portable to be smaller in size than the previous generation.
  • Less heat was generated and electricity consumption was lower.
• Disadvantage-
  • The structure of computers is more complex than previous generations.
  • Air conditioning was needed as heat was produced, albeit less.

Fourth Generation:

• Duration – 1975 to 1984.
• Used parts – Large Scale Integrated Circuit or LSIC (Large Scale Integrated Circuit) and Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit or VLSIC (Very Large Scale Integrated Circuit).
• Advantage –
  • Computers of this generation were very small in size and could be easily carried from one place to another.
  • Compared to previous generations, this generation of computers provides reliable results.
  • Air conditioning was not required and electricity consumption was low.
  • Computers of this generation had much more data storage capacity.
  • Many objectives could be achieved simultaneously.
• Disadvantage-
  • The structure of computers was relatively complex.
  • This generation of computers required advanced hardware and high-quality software.

Fifth Generation:

• Duration – From 1985 to present time.
• Used parts – Ultra Large Scale Integration or ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) IC .
• Advantage –
  • Being very small in size, it can be easily carried from one place to another.
  • Computers are fast and capable of multitasking simultaneously.
  • Also able to provide accurate results.
  • No need for air conditioning.
  • As a result of the use of Internet (Internet), Multimedia (Multimedia) etc. computers become attractive overall.
  • It has been possible to apply own intelligence (Artificial Intelligence) to this generation of computers.
• Disadvantage-
  • The structure of this generation of computers is very complex.
  • Subject to cost.

Sixth Generation:

Sixth generation computers are being researched. This generation will run on more advanced AI (Artificial Intelligence) connectivity. We have seen the emergence of advanced additions such as chat-GPT, Google Bird, Open AI etc. these days. This generation may be able to instruct in the spoken language of the people. In terms of hardware, the main difference between fifth and sixth generation computers is that the sixth generation is expected to be more powerful and efficient than the fifth generation.

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